Jesuit  IRelations 

anb  HHiefc  ^Documents 


TRAVELS  AND  EXPLORATIONS 

OF  THE 

French  Jesuit  flissionaries  among  the  Indians 

OF 

CANADA  AND  THE  NORTHERN  AND  NORTHWESTERN  STATES 

OF  THE  UNITED  STATES 

1610=1791 

With   Numerous   Historical,   Geographical   and    Ethno- 
logical Notes,  etc.,  and  an  Analytical  Index. 

Under  the  editorial  direction  of 

IReuben  <5oR>  ftbwaites 

Secretary  of  the  State  Historical  Society  of  Wisconsin;  editor  of  "The  Wif 
consin  Historical   Collections,"   Withers's   "  Chronicles  of  Border  Warfare  ;" 
author  of  "  The  Colonies,  1492-1750  ;  "  "  Historic  Waterways  ;  "    "  The  Story 
of  Wisconsin ; ' '  etc. 


An  exact  verbatim  et  literatim  reprint  of  the  very 
rare  French,  Latin,  and  Italian  Originals,  both  MS.  and 
Printed,  accompanied  page  for  page  by  A  COMPLETE 
ENGLISH  TRANSLATION,  by  JOHN  CUTLER  COVERT, 
assisted  by  HARY  SIFTON  PEPPER,  and  others.  Illus- 
trated with  numerous  facsimiles,  portraits,  maps,  etc. 

The  edition  will  be  limited  to  750  numbered  sets ; 
about  60  volumes,  8vo.,  of  about  300  pages  each  ; 
price  $3.50  pet,  per  volume. 


FOR  SALE  BY 

California       ^e  JTranfclm  Boofc  Store, 

t>,  35.  Ibaferfcorn,  prop., 
legional  MILWAUKEE,  wis. 

nacility 


UCSB  LIBRARY 


COPYRIGHT,  1895, 

BY 

THE  BURROWS  BROTHERS  Co. 


AM,  RIGHTS  RESERVED. 


We  take  pleasure  in  making  the  following  an- 
nouncement regarding  the  publication  of 

The  Jesuit  Relations  and  Allied  Documents. 


SEVEN  hundred  and  fifty  sets  only  will  be  made, 
direct  from  type,  which  will  be  distributed  as  each 
volume  is  printed;   each  of  these  sets  will  be 
numbered.     The  work  will  be  printed  at  The  Imperial 
Press,  on  a  special  make  of  Dickinson's  hand-made 
deckle-edged  paper.     It  will  consist  of  about  60  vol- 
umes, 8vo.,  of  about  300  pages  each,  printed  in  large 
type,  and  bound  in  polished  buckram  cloth,  uncut,  top 
edges  gilt. 

The  first  volume  will  be  issued  in  August,  1896,  and 
the  publication  will  be  continued  thereafter  at  the  rate  of 
a  volume  each  month  until  completed.  As  the  edition 
is  strictly  limited,  subscriptions  can  be  entered  only  for 
the  entire  scries,  payable  as  issued.  Each  set  will  be 
numbered,  and  subscriptions  will  be  filled  in  the  order 
in  which  they  are  received.  In  the  production  of 
the  volumes,  no  pains  will  be  spared  to  make  them  in 
every  way  in  keeping  with  the  great  historical  value 
of  the  work. 

It  is  well  known  to  those  intimately  acquainted  with 
the  Jesuit  Relations,  that  most  of  them  are  exceedingly 
rare ;  many  are  unique,  and  some  unobtainable.  Our 
transcriber  has  already  been  at  work  upwards  of  a  year, 
and  will  be  for  two  years  to  come,  at  the  Lenox  and 


Format. 


Mode  of 
Publication. 


The  French 

and  L/atin 

MSS.  and 

Printed 

Originals. 


RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 


Pagination 

of  the 
Originals 
Retained. 


Accuracy  of 
Reprints. 


Type. 


Astor  Libraries,  in  New  York ;  Harvard  College  Library, 
Cambridge,  Mass. ;  The  John  Carter  Brown  Library, 
Providence,  R.  I. ;  St.  Mary's  College  Library  (Jesuit 
Archives),  Montreal;  McGill  University  Library,  Mon- 
treal ;  at  Quebec,  at  Paris,  in  the  Netherlands,  and  else- 
where, securing  absolutely  correct  copies  of  the  original 
MSS.,  and  the  rare  original  printed  editions.  The 
transcripts  are  verified,  in  every  case,  by  a  triple  check- 
ing and  examination,  in  order  that  absolutely  faithful 
verbatim  et  literatim  copies  may  be  given.  In  many 
cases  we  shall  set  type  direct  from  originals  which  we 
have  already  secured  for  printer's  copy.  We  have  also 
obtained  much  other  valuable  material  relating  to  the 
Jesuit  Relations,  both  printed  and  manuscript. 

In  reprinting  the  French,  Latin,  and  Italian  originals, 
it  is  impossible  to  follow  them  page  for  page.  The 
amount  of  matter  on  each  page  of  the  originals  varies 
greatly.  In  order  that  the  original  pagination  may  be 
preserved  for  reference,  each  page  of  the  original  will 
be  indicated  throughout,  in  both  reprint  and  translation, 
by  Arabic  figures  within  brackets  :  thus,  [156]. 

Special  French  compositors  will  be  employed  upon 
the  French  text,  and  extraordinary  care  will  be  used 
both  in  composition  and  proof  reading,  that  no  errors 
may  slip  into  the  work.  The  French  text  will  be  proof- 
read directly  with  the  original,  so  that  possible  errors 
in  transcribing  may  be  corrected. 

The  type  will  be  large  and  clear,  and  such  as  will  en- 
able us  to  make  the  pages  of  both  French  and  English 
text  uniform.  The  earlier  of  these  Relations  have  many 
peculiarities  of  type ;  for  example,  the  early  printers 
used  a  character  like  a  small  "u"  placed  upon  an  "o," 
somewhat  like  the  figure  "8"  with  the  top  broken  out, 
for  a  sound  peculiar  to  the  Indian  dialects  which  the 
French  "ou"  failed  to  represent  satisfactorily.  For  all 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS. 


of  these  "peculiars"  special  punches  have  been  cut,  and 
the  original  will  be  followed  with  exceeding  closeness. 

The  translation  will  be  as  nearly  literal,  and  will  ad- 
here as  strictly  to  the  original  French  text,  as  good 
English  will  permit.  In  cases  where  punctuation  or 
phraseology  make  the  original  text  susceptible  of  differ- 
ent renderings,  the  translators  indicate  the  original 
phraseology  in  notes  showing  the  word-for-word  trans- 
lation, and  very  briefly  the  ground  for  preferring  the 
translation  given.  Disputed  points  are,  in  all  cases,  re- 
ferred to  eminent  specialists. 

A  general  Introduction  to  the  work,  by  the  Editor, 
will  give  a  helpful  summary  of  the  work  of  the  Jesuit 
Missionaries  of  New  France,  in  their  several  fields,  clos- 
ing with  an  account  of  the  Relations  themselves,  their 
bibliographical  importance,  historic  value,  etc. 

Each  volume  will  contain  a  terse  historical  and  bibli- 
ographical Preface,  giving  account  of  the  MSS.  or  orig- 
inals from  which  the  reprints  contained  in  the  volume 
are  made. 

A  brief  biographical  sketch  of  each  of  the  Jesuit 
Fathers  (the  authors  of  the  Letters  and  Relations)  will 
appear  in  the  Notes  appended  to  each  volume.  Many 
of  these  will  be  the  only  biographies  yet  written.  This 
feature  will  thus  give  for  the  first  time  a  complete  series 
of  biographical  notices  of  the  principal  Jesuits  of  New 
France. 

The  bibliography  of  the  Jesuit  Relations  and  Allied 
Documents  will  be  carefully  and  accurately  brought 
together. 

The  Notes  will  throw  a  flood  of  new  light  on  many  a 
point,  hitherto  obscure  or  unintelligible,  in  the  history  of 
the  United  States  and  Canada.  They  will  be  chiefly 
Archaeological,  Historical,  Biographical,  Geographical 
and  Ethnological.  Obsolete  names  of  Indian  Tribes, 


Translation 


Introduc- 
tion by  the 
Editor. 


History 

of  MSS.  and 

Printed 

Originals. 

Biographies 

of  the  Jesuit 

Fathers. 


Bibliog- 
raphy. 


Notes. 


RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 


Historical 
Material. 


Chiefs,  and  Localities  will  be  noted  with  their  modern 
equivalents  ;  Peculiar  Customs,  Superstitions,  etc.,  will 
be  explained ;  and  Obscure  References  to  Persons  and 
Places  elucidated.  The  Notes  will  be  terse  in  style,  and 
as  trustworthy  as  modern  scholarship  will  allow.  In 
every  case,  ample  references  will  be  given  to  authorities. 
Much  New  The  Editor  and  his  staff  are  accumulating  a  mass  of 
andValuable  valuable  and  important  material,  which  will  be  pub- 
lished for  the  first  time  in  this  work  ;  much  of  this  has 
been  received  from  those  who  have  made  special  re- 
searches in  connection  with  the  Jesuit  Relations,  as 
they  affect  the  history  and  archaeology  of  different  lo- 
calities and  States. 

Of  great  value  and  interest  are  notes  and  letters  re- 
ceived from  distinguished  members  of  the  Society  of 
Jesus,  both  in  the  United  States  and  in  Canada.  Par- 
ticularly helpful  has  been  the  cooperation  of  the  Rev. 
Arthur  E.  Jones,  S.  J.,  the  distinguished  archivist  of  St. 
Mary's  College,  Montreal,  than  whom  perhaps  no  better 
authority  in  this  field  of  American  history  now  exists  ; 
in  his  charge  are  the  original  MSS.  of  many  of  the 
Jesuit  Relations  and  Letters  of  the  XVII.  and  XVIII. 
centuries. 

The  last  volume  will  contain  a  carefully  compiled 
Analytical  Index  to  the  entire  series. 

The  Illustrations  will  be  reproduced  by  the  best  of 
modern  processes,  and  will  be  printed  on  plate-paper — 
the  maps  on  special  map-paper. 

The  Illustrations  will  comprise : 

I.  Reproductions  of  the  title-pages  (with  their  pe- 
culiar devices)  of  the  entire  original  Cramoisy  Series  of 
the  Relations  (printed  in  Paris,  1632-72),  and  of  all  other 
original  editions  whose  title-pages  are  obtainable. 

II.     Facsimiles  of  Original  MSS.  of  Marquette,  Le 
Jeune,  De  Quen,  Jogues,  Allouez,  Dablon,  La  Brosse, 


Index. 

Portraits, 

Maps, 

Facsimiles, 

etc. 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS. 


Charlevoix,  Potier,  Andre",  Gamier,  Raguenau,  Coquart, 
Lalemant,  Vaillant,  Vimont,  Druilletes,  and  others. 

III.  Portraits  of  all  of  those  Jesuit  missionaries  in 
New  France  of  whom  authentic  portraits  have   been 
preserved. 

IV.  Reproductions  of  all  maps  contained  in  the  orig- 
inal editions,  and  the  addition  of  several  new  ones,  in- 
cluding a  large  general  map  of  New  France,  showing 
the  location  of  the  Missions,  Portages,  Tribes,  etc.,  etc. 

V.     Other  illustrations  of  interest. 

These  Relations  give  the  earliest,  and,  for  the  XVII. 
century,  the  only  authoritative  accounts  of  the  many 
Indian  tribes  among  whom  the  Jesuit  missionaries  la- 
bored— their  manners,  customs,  rites  and  ceremonies, 
foods,  modes  of  hunting,  etc.,  etc.  The  following  tribes 
and  families  are  among  the  many  concerning  whom  the 
Relations  treat : — 

Abenakis,  Alibamons,  Arkansans,  Atiwandaronks, 
Beavers,  Berseamites,  Cahokias,  Cayugas,  Cherokees, 
Chickesaws,  Chippewas,  Choctaws,  Creeks,  Crees,  Da- 
kotas,  Eries,  Foxes,  Genesees,  Hurons,  Illinois,  Iro- 
quois,  Mascoutens,  Menominees,  Miamis,  Micmacs, 
Mohawks,  Montagnais,  Neuters,  Nipissings,  Oneidas, 
Onondagas,  Ottawas,  Oumaniweks,  Papinachois,  Penob- 
scots,  Peorias,  Petuns,  Porcupines,  Pottawattomies,  Sacs, 
Semiiioles,  Senecas,  Sioux,  Susquehannas,  Tamaroas, 
Winnebagoes,  Wyandots,  Yazoos. 

The  travels  and  explorations  of  the  early  Jesuit  mis- 
sionaries were  principally  in  the  Hudson  Bay  Country, 
Labrador,  New  Brunswick,  Nova  Scotia,  Ontario,  Que- 
bec ;  the  present  states  of  Illinois,  Indiana,  Iowa,  Ken- 
tucky, Louisiana,  Maine,  Massachusetts,  Michigan, 
Minnesota,  Mississippi,  Missouri,  New  Hampshire,  New 
York,  Ohio,  Pennsylvania,  Vermont,  Wisconsin ;  lakes 
Erie,  Huron,  Michigan,  Ontario,  Superior,  Nipissing,  St. 


Indian 
Tribes. 


Principal 

States  and 

I/ocalities 

Explored  by 

the  Jesuit 

Mission- 


RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 


Contents  of 
the  Series. 


John,  and  Simcoe ;  the  rivers  Mississippi,  St.  John  and 
St.    Lawrence ;    around   Chequamegon  Bay,    Georgian 
Bay,  Green  Bay,  Keweenan  Bay,  Bay  of  Quinte,  etc. 
This  publication  will  embrace : 
I.     The  entire  series  of  original  Cramoisy  Jesuit  Re- 
lations (Paris,  1632-72). 
II.     The  Shea-Cramoisy  Series  of  Reprints. 

III.  The  O'Callaghan  Series  of  Reprints  and  Fac- 

similes. 

IV.  Le  Journal  des  J estates,  public*  par  MM.  les  Abbe's 

Laverdi£re  et  Casgrain  (Quebec,  1871). 
V.     All  portions  of  Lettres  Edifiantes  et  Curieuses, 
that  bear  on  the  French  Missions  in  North 
America. 

VI.     Carayon's  Premiere  Mission  des  J' suites  au  Cana- 
da (Paris,  1864). 
VII.     Relations  In'edites  de  la  Nouvelle-France,    1672- 

1679  (2  vols.,  Paris,  1861). 

VIII.  Many  privately-printed  Letters  and  Relations, 
collected  by  Fathers  Martin  and  Jones,  Mr. 
James  Lenox,  and  others. 

IX.  Much  hitherto-unpublished  Material,  from  MSS. 
in  the  Archives  of  St.  Mary's  College,  Mont- 
real, and  elsewhere.  Also  several  Relations 
(such  as  Bressani's,  1645-49)  and  other  Docu- 
ments not  ordinarily  cited  in  bibliographies 
of  the  subject. 

Chronolog-        The  following  is  a  list  of  the  contents  of  this  com- 
ical Order  of  pieted  series,  arranged  in  the  CHRONOLOGICAL  ORDER 

Publication.    • 


Some  few  unp^iblished  manuscripts  may  yet  be  added. 
1610.     La  Conversion   des   Savvages   qui   ont  est£  baptizes    en    la 

Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Jean  Millot,  1610. 
1610.     Lettre  missive  tovcliant  la  conversion  et  baptestne  du  grand 

Sagamos  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Envoye"e  du  Port-Royal  axi  Sr. 

de  la  Tronchaie,  28  juin,  1610.    Paris,  Jean  Regnovl,  1610. 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELA  TIONS.  9 

1611.     Biard.     Lettre  du  P.  Pierre  Biard.     Dieppe,  21  Janvier,  1611. 
1611.     Biard.     Lettre  da  P.  Pierre  Biard.     Port  Royal,  10  juin,  1611. 
1611.     Masse.  Lettre  da  P.  Ennemoiid  Masse.  Port-Royal, 10  juin, 1611. 

1611.  Biard.     Lettre  du  P.  Pierre  Biard.     Port-Royal,  n  juin,  1611. 
1611-13.    Juvencius.     Cauadicae  Missionis  Relatio,  auctore  Josepho 

Juvencio.     Romae,  1710. 

1611-13.     Juvencius.    De  Regione  et  Moribus  Canadensium  seu  Bar- 
barorum  Novae  Franciae,  auctore  Josepho  Juvencio.    Romac,  1710. 

1612.  Biard.     Lettre  du  P.  Biard.     Port-Royal,  31  jauvier,  1612. 
1612.     Biard.    Missio  Canadeusis.   Epistola  ex  Portu-regali  in  Acadia, 

a  R.  Petro  Biardo.     Dilingas,  1611  (sic). 
1612.     Poutrincourt.     Relation  derniere  du  Sieur  de  Poutrincourt. 

Paris  (1612). 
1613-14.      Relatio   Rerum   Gestarum    in    Nova-Francica    Missione. 

Lugduni,  CIo.IoC.XIIX. 
1614.     Biard.     Lettre  du  P.  Biard  au  T.  R.  P.  Ge"ne"ral.     Amiens,  6 

mai,  1614. 
1616.     Biard.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France  par  le  P.  Pierre  Biard. 

Lyons,  1616. 
1625.     Lallemant.      Lettre   au   Sieur  de   Champlain,  de  Kebec,  28 

juillet,  1625. 

1625.  Lallemaut.     Lettre  au  R.  P.  Prouincial,  de  Kebec,  28  juillet, 
1625. 

1626.  Lallemant.      Lettre    au  T.   R.  P.   Mutio  Vitelletschi   de  la 
Nouvelle-France.     i  aout,  1626. 

1627.  Lallemant.    Lettre  du  P.  Charles  rAllemant,  SupeYieur  de  la 
mission  de  Canadas.     Paris,  1627. 

1629.     Lallemant.    Lettre  du  P.  rAllemant  de  la  Nouvelle-France, 
22  novembre,  1629. 

1632.  Le  Jeune.     Brieve  Relation  du  Voyage  de  la  Nouvelle-France. 
Paris,  Cramoisy,  1632. 

1633.  Le  Jeune.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1634. 

1634.  Le  Jeune.     Lettre  de  Quebec,  1634. 

1634.  Le  Jeune.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 

1635- 

1635.  Le  Jeune.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1636. 

1636.  Le  Jeune.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1637. 

1637.  Bre*beuf.     Lettre  du  P.  Jean  de  Bre"beuf,  de  la  Residence  de 
Saint-Joseph.     20  rnai,  1637. 

1637.     Le  Jeune.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Rouen,  Boullen- 
ger,  1638. 


io  RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 

1638.     Bre'beuf.    Lettre  du  P.  Jean  de  Bre'beuf,  de  la  Residence  de 
Saint-Joseph,  1638. 

1638.  Le  Jeune.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1638. 

1639.  Peron.     Lettre  du  P.  Franjois  du  Peron  au  Joseph-Imbert  du 
Peron,  son  fr£re.    Au  bourg  de  la  Conception  de  Notre-Dame, 
27  avril,  1639. 

1639.    Chaumonot.     Lettre  du  P.  Joseph-Marie  Chaumonot.    Kebec, 
7  aout,  1639. 

1639.  Le  Jeune.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1640. 

1640.  Chaumonot.     Lettre  du  P.  J.-M.  Chaumonot    du  pays  des 
Hurons.     24  mai,  1640. 

1640.    Chaumonot.     Lettre  du  P.  J.-M.  Chaumonot    du  pays    des 

Hurons.     26  mai,  1640. 
1640.     Chaumonot.     Lettre  du  P.  J.-M.  Chaumonot,  de  Sainte-Marie 

aux  Hurons.    3  aout,  1640. 

1640.  Vimont.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1641. 

1640-41.    Vimont.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.   Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1642. 

1641.  Bre'beuf.    Extrait  d'une  lettre  du  P.  Jean  de  Brebeuf.    Quebec, 
20  aout,  1641. 

1642.  Vimont.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1643. 

1642-43.  Vimont    Relation  de  la  Nonvelle-France.   Paris,  Cramoisy, 
1644. 

1643.  Jogues.    Lettre  du  P.  Isaac  Jogues,  du  village  des  Iroquois, 
30  juin,  1643. 

1643.    Brebeuf.    Lettre  du  P.  Jean  de  Bre'beuf,  des  Trois-Rivi£res, 

23  septembre,  1643. 
1643-44.  Vimont.   Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris,  Cramoisy, 

1645- 
1644-45.  Vimont.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cramoisy, 

1646. 
1645.  Lallemant  Estat  du  Pays  lorsque  i'y  arrive",  i  septembre,  1645. 

1645.  Journal  des  Je*suites,  octobre  a  de"cembre,  1645. 

1645-46.      Lallemant.      Relation    de    la    Nouvelle  -  France.      Paris, 

Cramoisy,  1647. 
1645-49.     Bressani.     Breve  Relatione  d'alcune  missioni  nella  Nuova 

Francia.     Marcerata,  1653. 

1646.  Jogues.     Novum  Belgium,  par  R.  P.  Isaac  Jogues. 

1646.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1646. 

1647.  Garnier.     Lettre  du  P.  Charles  Garnier  de  Sainte-Marie  des 
Hurons,  3  mai,  1647. 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS.  ir 


1647.    Lallemant.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France,  sur  le  Grand 
Fleuve  de  St.  Laurens.     Paris,  Cramoisy,  1648. 

1647.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  de"cembre,  1647. 

1647-48.      Lallemant.      Relation    de    la    Nouvelle-France.      Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1649. 

1648.  Bre"beuf.     Lettre  du  P.  Jean  Bre"beuf,  de  Sainte-Marie  aux 
Huron  s,  2  juin,  1648. 

1648.  Journal  des  J£suites,  Janvier  a  de"cembre,  1648. 

1648-49.     Ragueneau.     Relation  de  la  Mission  aux  Hurons.     Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1650. 

1649.  Ragueneau.     Lettre  du  P.  Paul  Ragueneau,  de  Sainte-Marie 
aux  Hurons,  i  mars,  1649. 

1649,     Buteux.     Lettre  du  P.  Jacques  Buteux,  des  Trois-Rivieres,  21 
septembre,  1649. 

1649,  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  de*cembre,  1649. 

1649-50.     Ragueneau.     Relation  de  la  Mission   aux  Huros   et  aux 
pais  plus  bas  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cramoisy ',  1651. 

1650.  Ragueneau.     Lettre  du  P.  Paul  Ragueneau,  de  Sainte-Marie 
aux  Hurons,  13  mars,  1650. 

1650.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  de"cembre,  1650. 

1650-51.      Ragueneau.      Relation  de   la  Nouvelle  -  France.      Paris, 

Cramoisy,  1652. 
1650-51.     Dreuillettes.     Narre"    du    Voyage    faict    pour  la  Mission 

Abnoquiois  et  des  Connaissances  tirez  de  la  Nouvelle-Angle- 

terre.     Paris,  1652. 

1651.  Dreuillettes.    Epistola  Rev.  P.  Gabrielis  Dreuillettes.  s.l.eta, 
1651.    Lettre  des  Associe"s  de  la  Compagnie  de  la  Nouvelle-France, 

an  T.  R.  P.  Ge'ne'ral.     Paris,  juin,  1651. 

1651.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  ddcembre,  1651. 

1651-52.      Ragueneau.      Relation  de  la    Nouvelle  -  France.      Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1653. 

1652.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  fdvrier  a  de"cembre,  1652. 

1652-53.      Le   Mercier.      Relation  de  la  Nouvelle  -  France.      Paris, 
Cramoisy ',  1654. 

1653.  Progressus  Fidei  Catholicae  in  Novo  Orbe,  apud  Joannem 
Kinchium.     (Such  portion  as  relates  to  Canada). 

1653.  Journal  des  Je"suites,  Janvier  a  decembre,  1653. 

1653-54.     Le  Mercier.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle  -  France.     Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1655. 

1654.  Journal  des  Je*suites,  Janvier  a  fe"vrier,  1654. 

J655.    Copie  de  deux  Lettres  envoides  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    Paris, 

Cramoisy,  1656. 
1655-56.    Jean  de  Quens.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris, 

Cramoisy,  1657. 


12  RE-ISSUE  AND  TRANSLATION 


1655-56.    Mort  du  Fr£re  Li6geois.     (From  Journal  des  Je'suites). 

1656.    Le  Mercier.    Journal  des  Je'suites,  octobre  a  decembre,  1656. 

1656-57.  Lejeune.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1658. 

J657.    Journal  des  Je'suites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1657. 

1657-58.  Ragueneau.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1659. 

1658.  Journal  des  Je'suites,  Janvier  a  decembre,  1658. 

^659.  Fran£ois  de  Laval-Montmorency,  e"veque  de  Pe'tre'e.  Lettre 
au  T.  R.  P.  Goswin  Nickel.  Quebec,  aout,  1659. 

1659.  Lallemant.     Lettres  envoides  de  la  Nouvelle-France  au  Re- 
nault.    Paris,  1660. 

1659.  Lallemant.  Lettres  envoie'es  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1660. 

1659.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  decembre,  1659. 

1659-60.    Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cramoisy,  1661. 

1660.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  decembre,  1660. 

1660-61.  Lejeune.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy',  1662. 

1661.  Chaumonot.     Lettre  du  P.  J.-M.  Chaumonot.     Qudbec,   20 
octobre,  1661. 

1661.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  ddcembre,  1661. 

1661-62.  Lallemant.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1663. 

1662.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1662. 

1662-63.  Lallemant.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1664. 

1663.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France,  contenant  le  tremblement  de 
terre  e'pouuentable,  s.  I.  et  a. 

1663.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  decembre,  1663. 

1663-64.  Lallemant.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1665. 

1664.  Histoire  Veritable  et  Natvrelle  des  Mceurs  et  Productions  dn 
Pays  de  la  Nowelle-France.     Paris,  Lambert,  1664. 

1664.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  novembre,  1664. 

1664-1665.  Le  Mercier.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris, 
Cramoisy,  1666. 

1665.  Journal  des  Jesuites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1665. 

1665-66.  Le  Mercier.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1667. 

1666.  Journal  des  Je'suites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1666. 

1666-67.  Le  Mercier.  Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.  Paris,  Cra- 
moisy, 1668. 

1667.  Journal  des  Je'suites,  Janvier  a  de'cembre,  1667. 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS.  13 


1667-68.    Le  Mercier.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-Frauce.     Paris,  Cra- 

moisy,  1669. 

1668.    Journal  des  J£suites,  Janvier  a  juin,  1668. 
1668-69.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cramoisy,  1670. 
1669-70.    Le  Mercier.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cra- 

moisy,  1671. 
1670-71.     Dablon.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.      Paris,  Cra- 

moisy,  1672. 
1671-72.     Dablon.     Relation   de  la  Nouvelle-France.     Paris,  Cra- 

moisy,  1673. 

1672-73.     Dablon.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France. 
1673.     Nicholas.     Memoire  pour  un  Missionaire  qui  ira  aux  Sept- 
Isles,  par  P.  F.  Louis  Nicholas.     MS. 
1673.     Nouvel.     Lettre  du  P.  Nouvel,  SupeYieur  de  la  Mission  des 

Outaonais,  ecrite  le  29  mai,  1673,  de  Sainte-Marie-du-Sault. 
1673.     Bruyas.     Lettre  e"crite  de  Tionnontoguen  par  le  P.  Bruyas, 

Superieur  des  Missions  iroquoises,  12  juin,  1673. 

1673.  Lamberville.     Lettre  dcrite  de  Tethiroguen  par  le  P.  de  Lam- 
berville,  9  septembre,  1673. 

1673-74.     Dablon.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France. 

1673-75.  Marquette.  Recit  des  Voyages  et  des  De"couvertes  de  P. 
Marquette ;  La  Continuation  de  ses  Voyages  par  P.  Allouez : 
et  Le  Journal  Autographe  du  P.  Marquette  en  1674-75. 

1673-79.     Dablon.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-Frauce. 

1674.  Dalmas.    Account    (Sept.  24),  by   P.   F.  Antoine  Dalmas  to 
Claude  Dablon,  of  expedition  of  observation  around  Island  of 
Montreal.    MS. 

1674.  Dablon.     Lettre  du  P.  Claude  Dablon,  Superieur  des  Missions 
du  Canada,  au  R.  P.  Pinette.     Quebec,  24  octobre,  1674. 

1675.  Dablon.    Etat  present  des  Missions  en  la  Nouvelle-France, 
en  1675. 

1676-77.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France,  selon  MS.  original  restant 

a  I'Universite  Laval. 
1677-78.     Lamberville.     Relation  des  anne"es   1677-78,  et  re"cit  des 

Voyages  et  Decouvertes  de  Marquette. 
1684.     Bigot.     Copie  d'une  lettre  dcrite  par  P.  Jacques  Bigot,  de  la 

Mission  de  Sainct-Francois- de-Sales. 

1684.  Bigot.    Relation  de  la  Mission  Abnaquise  de  Saint-Joseph- 
de-Sillery,  et  de  la  Nouvelle  Mission  de  Saint-Fran?ois-de-Sales. 

1685.  Bigot.     Relation  de  la  Mission  Abnaquise  de  Sainct-Joseph- 
de-Sillery  ct  de  Sainct-Francois-de-Sales.    Juliet,  1685. 

1685.  Bigot.     Relation  de  la  Nouvelle-France.    8  nov.  1685.    MS. 

1686.  Chauchetiere.     Narre"  Annuel  de  la  Mission  du  Sault  depuis 
la  fondation  iusqu'a  1'an  1686.     MS. 


i4  RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 

1688.  Jean  de  St.  Valier  (Eveque  de  Quebec).  Relation  des  Mis- 
sions dans  la  Nouvelle  France.  Paris,  1688. 

1688.     Chaumonot.     Vie  de,  dcrite  par  lui-meme. 

1688-93.  Chaumonot.  Suite  de  la  Vie,  par  un  Pere  de  la  meme 
Compagnie. 

1688-93.  Chollenec.  Lettre  du  P.  Chollenec  au  P.  Jean-Baptiste  dw 
Halde. 

1690-91.     Milet.     Relation  de  sa  captivite"  parmi  les  Onneiouts. 

1693-94.  Gravier.  Relation  de  la  Mission  de  rimmacule*e  Concep- 
ception  au  Pays  des  Ilinois. 

1694-95.  Marest.  Lettre  du  P.  Gabriel  Marest  au  P.  de  Lamber- 
ville. 

1696.     Relation  des  Affaires  du  Canada,  en  1696. 

1696.    De  la  Mission  Iroquoise  du  Sault  St.  Fran9ois  Xavier,  en  1696. 

1696.  Gravier.     De  la  Mission  Illinoise  en  1696. 

1697.  Gravier.    Lettre  du  P.  Jacques  Gravier  a  Monseigneur  de 
Laval,  le  17  septembre,  1697. 

1699.  Montigni.  Lettre  de  M.  de  Montigni  au  Rev.  P.  Bruyas,  23 
avril,  1699. 

1699.  Marest.  Lettre  du  P.  Gabriel  Marest  a  un  Pere  de  la  Com- 
pagnie, du  Pays  des  Illinois,  29  avril,  1699. 

1699.  Binneteau.  Lettre  du  P.  Julien  Binneteau,  du  Pays  des  Illi- 
nois, 1699. 

1699.  Bigot.    Lettre  du  P.  Jacques  Bigot,  du  Pays  des  Abnaquis, 
1699. 

1700.  Marest.     Lettre  du  P.  Gabriel  Marest,  1700. 

1700.  Montigny,  St.  Cosme,  et  Thaumur  de  la  Source.  Relation  de 
la  Mission  du  Mississipi  du  Se"niinaire  de  Qu6bec. 

1700.  Gravier.     Relation  du  Voyage  depuis  le  pays  des  Illinois  jus- 
qu'a  1'embouchure  du  Mississipi. 

1701.  Bigot.     Relation  de  la  Mission  des  Abnaquis  a  1'Acadie. 

1702.  Chaigneau.    Lettre  du  P.  L.  Chaigneau  au  Rev.  P.  de  Lam- 
berville,  en  1702. 

1702.    Relation  du  Destroit,  1702. 

1702.  Bigot.  Relation  de  la  Mission  Abnaquise  de  Saint-Francois- 
de-Sales. 

1708.  Gravier.  Lettre  sur  les  affaires  de  la  Louisiane,  23  feVrier, 
1708. 

1712.  Marest.  Lettre  du  P.  Gabriel  Marest  au  P.  Germon,  aus  Cas- 
caskias,  9  novembre,  1712. 

1715.  Chollenec.  Lettre  du  P.  Chollenec  au  P.  Augustin  le  Blanc, 
au  Sault  de  St.  Louis,  27  aout,  1715. 

1722.  Rasles.  Lettre  du  P.  Sebastien  Rasles,  a  son  neveu,  a  Nan- 
ran  tsouak,  15  octobre,  1722. 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RE  L  ATI  OX X.  15 


1722.  Loyard.     Sur    1'^tat   present  des   Ab£naquis,   par  F.  Jean- 
Baptiste  Loyard.     MS. 

1723.  Rasles.    Lettre   du  P.  Sdbastien  Rasles,  a  son  frere,  a  Na- 
rautsouak,  12  octobre,  1723. 

1724.  La  Chasse.     Lettre  du  P.  de  la  Chasse.     Quebec,  29  octobre, 
1724. 

1727.     Poisson.     Lettre  du  P.  du  Poisson  auP.  Patouillet. 

1727.  Poisson.  Lettre  du  P.  du  Poisson,  missionaire  aux  Akensas, 
3  octobre,  1727. 

1730.  Laure.  Mission  de  Saguenay,  1720-1730,  par  R.  P.  Pierre 
Laure,  13  mars,  1730.  MS. 

1730.  Le  Petit.  Lettre  du  P.  le  Petit  au  P.  d'Avaugour.  A  la  Nou- 
velle-Orleans,  12  juillet,  1730. 

1730-45.  The  Aulneau  Letters  from  the  original  French  MSS.  re- 
cently discovered,  and  which  are  now  being  arranged  for  this 
work.  MS. 

1745.    Avond.     Lettre  du  P.  Louis  Avond.   LaRochelle,  24  juin,  1745. 

1749.  Catalogus  Personarum  et  Officiorum  Missiones  Americae  Sep- 
tentrionalis  in  Nova  Francia.    MS. 

1750.  Vivier.    Lettre  du  P.  Vivier,  aux  Illinois,  8  juin,  1751. 

1750.    Vivier.    Lettre  du  P.  Vivier,  aux  Illinois,  17  novembre,  1750. 

1756.  Catalogus  Personarum  et  Officiorum  Provincise  Franciae  So- 
cietatis  j£su.     Exeunte  anno  1756.     Missiones  Americae  Septen- 
trionalis  in  Nova  Francia.    MS. 

1757.  Lettre  du  Pere  Missionaire  chez  les  Abnakis  :  de  Saint-Fran - 
?ois,  21  octobre,  1757. 

1758.  Watrin.     Letter  to  the  Propaganda,  giving  account  of  the 
expulsion  of  the  Jesuits  from  the  Mississippi  Valley.     MS. 

1791.     Plessis.    Letter  of  Bp.  Plessis,  referring  to  sickness  of  Father 

Well,  the  last  Jesuit  of  Montreal.    MS. 

This  work  will,  for  the  first  time,  place  within  the    Indispens* 
reach  of  students,  Documents  of  the  highest  Historical  ble  to  Public 
Importance,  hitherto   practically  unavailable;  and,  for     ill.  *'    le^ 
the  first  time,  a  complete  translation  of  the  same.     The     societies 
Analytical  Index,  which  is  to  accompany  the  series,  will  Public  Insti- 
be  of  the  utmost  value  as  an  aid  in  historical  research.      tutions, 

In  consideration  of  the  many  new  and  valuable  features     *u  en.ts  o) 

J  American 

embodied,  and  the  superb  mechanical   execution,    we  History,  etc. 

feel  that  it  is  a  work  that  will  especially  appeal  to  Stu- 
dents of  American  History,  Public  Libraries,  Historical 
Societies,  Public  Institutions,  and  Lovers  of  Fine  Books. 


16 


RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 


What   Historians   and   Reviewers   say  of  The  Jesuit 
Relations  : 

Parkman.  "  The  Relations  of  the  Jesuits  appeal  equally  to  the  spirit  of  re- 
ligion and  the  spirit  of  romantic  adventure.  .  .  They  hold  a  high 
place  as  authentic  and  trustworthy  historical  documents.  They  are 
very  scarce  [1867],  and  no  complete  collection  of  them  exists  in 
America." 

Bancroft.  "The  history  of  the  Jesuit  Missions  is  connected  with  the  origin 
of  every  celebrated  town  in  the  annals  of  French  America.  Not  a 
cape  was  turned,  not  a  river  entered,  but  a  Jesuit  led  the  way." 

Charlevoix.  "  There  is  no  other  source  to  which  we  can  resort  to  learn  the 
progress  of  religion  among  the  Indians  and  to  know  those  nations. 
.  .  Of  the  Apostolic  labors  of  the  missionaries,  they  give  very  edi- 
fying accounts." — Charlevoix,  in  1743. 

Shea.  "  The  Jesuits  in  their  Relations  give  much  information  as  to  the 

progress  of  geographical  discovery.      The  resources  and  fauna  of 
the  country,  the  Indian  nations,  their  languages,  manners  and  cus- 
toms— their  wars  and  vicissitudes." 
Martin.  "  These  Relations  are  sometimes  the  only  source  of  the  history  of 

Canada." — Father  Felix  Martin,  S.J. 

Kip.  "There  is  no  page  of  our  country's  history  more  touching  and 

romantic  than  that  which  records  the  labors  and  sufferings  of  the 
Jesuit  Missionaries." 

Winsor.  "  That  series  of  wonderful  letters  known  as  the  Jesuit  Relations. 

Those  reports,  for  forty  years  or  more,  supplied  the  most  that  was 
known  of  life  in  the  Canadian  wilds  to  the  great  mass  of  French 
readers." 

Kingsford.        "  No  modern  newspaper  correspondent  ever  made  greater  efforts 

more  favorably  to  represent  the  cause  he  was  advertising.    The 

whole  of  the  Relations  are  marked  by  extraordinary  literary  ability." 

Field's  "  These  Relations,  for  many  years  looked  upon  through  the  haze  of 

Indian  Bib-     sectarian  distrust,  were  lightly  esteemed  by  the  students  of  Ameri- 

liography.  can  history,  but  the  more  their  character  and  statements  were  inves- 
tigated; the  more  important  and  valuable  they  appeared.  They  have 
become  the  sources  from  which  we  must  draw  almost  all  the  historic 
material  of  NCT.U  York  and  Canada  during  the  first  century  and  a 
half  of  their  exploration  by  Europeans." 

The  Nation.  "The  thirty- nine  volumes  produced  onward  from  1632  embody  the 
observations  of  able  and  well  trained  men,  often  the  first  explorers 
of  a  terra  incognita,  and  always  snappers-up  of  significant  trifles 
unconsidered  by  others.  A  mass  of  material  to  serve  for  the  history 
of  the  New  Dominion  in  its  earliest  period  was  thus  accumulated 
and  fastened  in  a  sure  place.  This  treasure  has  no  parallel  in  any 


OF  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS. 


one  of  our  thirteen  colonies.  Nor  has  it  been  paralleled  in  subse- 
quent Canadian  history.  .  .  .  Gleanings  from  the  Relations  are 
early  traceable,  even  in  Protestant  writers,  but  the  preeminent  value 
of  those  documeu  ts  was  not  plain  till  within  the  last  half  century.  It 
began  to  dawn  on  Sparks  and  Bancroft,  and  was  still  more  clear  to 
Parkman.  Meantime,  the  editio princeps  (called  Cramoisy  from  the 
name  of  the  publisher)  was  either  entombed  in  European  libraries, 
or  worn  out  in  the  hands  of  private  owners.  The  series  in  its  en- 
tirety baffled  the  endeavors  of  many  collectors,  no  matter  how  long 
their  p\irses.  .  .  .  Hitherto,  the  Relations  have  remained  in  the  origi- 
nal French,  and  hence  continue  to  be  a  sealed  book  to  all  students 
whose  linguistics  have  not  carried  them  further  than  the  novels  of 
Zola.  Accordingly,  no  news  can  be  more  welcome  to  students  of 
history  than  the  prospectus  of  a  Cleveland  publisher  that  he  has  in  a 
good  state  of  forwardness  a  complete  re-issue  of  the  Jesuit  Relations. 
Here  will  appear  the  original  French,  and,  page  by  page,  an  English 
translation  by  a  scholar  who  has  made  a  life  study  of  the  French, 
and  especially  the  Canadian  dialect,  of  the  seventeenth  century. 
This  edition  of  750  copies  will  be  illustrated  by  every  species  of  note 
which  may  best  elucidate  the  text;  it  will  include  Relations  of  a 
kindred  character  not  in  the  Cramoisys ;  it  will  abound  in  maps  for 
lack  of  which  the  journeys  described  have  been  obscure  ;  it  will  pre- 
sent portraits  of  all  worthies  in  the  Relations  whose  lineaments  are 
known,  and  will  be  especially  rich  in  facsimiles  of  their  most  mem- 
orable writings.  This  historic  boon  fitly  comes  from  Cleveland, 
midway  between  the  east  and  west  limits  of  the  Jesuits,  and  under 
the  editorship  of  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites,  Secretary  of  the  Wisconsin 
Historical  Society,  which  stands  without  a  peer  in  the  West,  and 
possibly  in  the  East,  as  a  quarry  of  material  for  building  up  the 
fabric  of  northwestern  history." — March  ig,  i8g6. 

"  Mr.  Reuben  Gold  Thwaites  is  an  ideal  editor  for  such  a  work 
[Withers's  'Chronicles  of  Border  Warfare '] ;  a  trained  student  and 
scholar, — the  two  words  are  not  synonymous, — he  is  one  of  that 
band  of  Western  historians  who,  during  the  last  decade,  have 
opened  an  entirely  new  field  of  historical  study." — Theodore  Roose- 
velt, in  the  American  Historical  Review,  vol.  /,  p.  170. 

"  Few  historical  documents  pertaining  to  Canada  and  our  north- 
ern frontier  are  more  valued.  They  comprise  letters  written  from 
the  interior  by  Jesuit  Missionaries  among  the  Indians  two  and  three 
centuries  ago,  and,  although  used  by  Parkman,  Bancroft,  and  many 
other  writers,  have  never  been  translated  before.  It  has  remained 
for  the  Cleveland  firm  to  undertake  to  make  the  work  accessi- 
ble to  general  readers  of  English  for  the  first  time."— January  22, 
1896. 


American 

Historical 

Review. 


The 

New  York 
Times. 


i8  RE-ISSUE  AND   TRANSLATION 

The  Catholic  "As  throwing  more  light  upon  the  early  history  of  the  settlement 
Record,  of  Canada  than  any  other  publication :  we  mean  the  Jesuit  Rela- 
London,  tions,  from  which  all  the  historians  who  have  written  on  the  early 
OnL  history  of  Canada  have  derived  most  of  their  information.  The 
details  of  these  occurrences  are  given  in  the  Jesuits'  Letters,  and 
much  information  which  cannot  be  elsewhere  found  concerning  the 
aborigines,  and  the  French  settlement  of  that  early  date.  The  Jes- 
uit Fathers  wrote  learnedly  and  graphically  .  .  .  and  a  correct 
idea  of  their  adventures,  as  well  as  of  the  condition  of  New  France 
in  the  early  part  of  the  seventeenth  century,  can  only  be  derived  by 
reading  the  original.  .  .  One  of  the  learned  Jesuits  translates  and 
reports  a  speech  made  to  Governor  Champlain  by  a  chief,  pronounc- 
ing it  worthy  of  the  schools  of  Aristotle  or  Cicero." — Nov.  /<5,  fSof. 
The  "Only  for  the  Jesuit  Relations,  the  letters  of  the  '  black  gowns,' 

Buffalo  Post  we  should  hardly  know  what  the  savage  actually  was  before  the 
Express.  white  man  had  idealized  him  into  a  creation  of  the  imagination — 
like  Cooper's  Indians  and  that  of  our  early  poets  as  a  rule.  They 
soon  became  an  authority — even  as  early  as  1688  ( the  genuine  series 
began  in  1632) — when  Denonville  searched  them  for  proof  that 
France  had  first  right  to  all  the  country  south  of  the  Ontario,  the 
unofficial  record  of  the  Relations  supporting  him  in  his  lack  of  doc- 
umentary evidence." — October  7,  1895. 

The  Buffalo  "The Jesuit  Relations  form  the  source  from  which  all  our  histori- 
Courier.  ans  have  taken  their  account  of  the  region  stretching  from  the 
mouth  of  the  St.  Lawrence  to  the  head  of  Lake  Superior,  as  it  was 
in  the  early  years  after  the  discovery  of  America.  Unlike  Herod- 
otus, they  did  not  report  for  facts  what  they  had  merely  heard,  but 
proved  all  things  before  committing  themselves  to  paper.  In  these 
letters,  and  in  those  of  the  Recollects  or  Franciscans,  is  found  the 
earliest  account  of  the  country  of  the  Neuter  Indians  through 
which  the  great  river  Niagara  flowed." — October  20, 


SAMPLE   PAGES 


44  LES  RELATIONS  DES  JESUITES.          [Vol..  10. 

manage,  me  vint  dire  Nicanis,  mon  bien-ayme',  la  Cha- 
louppe  eft  perdue,  les  vents  qui  1'ont  enleuee  la  briferont 
centre  les  roches  qui  nous  enuironnent  de  tous  coftez. 
Qui  n'euft  entr£  en  verue  centre  ce  Renegat,  dont  la 
negligence  nous  iettoit  dans  des  peines  inexplicables, 
veu  qu'il  y  auoit  quantite*  de  paquets  dans  noftre  bagage, 
&  beaucoup  d'enfans  a  porter.  Mon  hofte  cependant, 
tout  barbare  &  tout  fauuage  qu'il  eft,  ne  fe  troubla  point 
a  cet  accident,  ains  craignant  que  cela  ne  rn'attriftaft,  il 
me  dit,  Nicanis,  mon  bien-ayme",  n'es-tu  point  fafch£  de 
cefte  perte,  qui  nous  caufera  de  grands  trauaux  ?  ie  n'en 
fuis  pas  bien  ayfe,  luy,  repartif-ie,  ne  t'en  attrifte  point, 
me  fit-il :  car  la  fafcherie  ameine  la  triftefle,  &  la  trif- 
tefle  ameine  la  maladie,  Petrichtich  n'a  point  d'efprit,  s'il 
m'euft  voulu  fecourir  ce  malheur  ne  fuft  point  furuenu, 
voyla  tous  les  reproches  qu'on  luy  fit.  Veritablement 
cela  me  confond,  que  1'intereft  de  la  fante  arrefte  la 
cholere,  &  la  fafcherie  d'vn  Barbare,  &  que  la  loy  de 
Dieu,  que  fon  bon  plaifir,  que  1'efpoir  de  fes  grandes 
recompenfes,  que  la  crainte  de  fes  [223]  chaftimens,  que 
noftre  propre  paix  &  confolation  ne  puifle  feruir  de 
bride  a  1'impatience  &  a  la  cholere  d'vn  Chreftien. 

Au  malheur  fufdit  en  furuint  vn  autre,  nous  auions 
outre  la  Chaloupe  vn  petit  Canot  d'e"corce,  la  maree  fe 
grofllflant  plus  qu'a  1'ordinaire  par  le  foufle  des  vents 
nous  le  de*roba,  nous  voila  prifonniers  plus  que  iamais, 
ie  ne  vis  ny  larmes  ny  plaintes,  non  pas  mefme  parmy 
les  femmes,  fur  le  dos  defquelles  ce  defaftre  tomboit 
plus  particulierement,  a  raifon  qu'elles  font  comme  les 
beftes  de  voiture,  portant  ordinairement  le  bagage  des 
Sauuages,  au  contraire  tout  le  monde  fe  mit  a  lire. 

Le  iour  venu,  car  ce  fut  la  nuict  que  la  tempefte  com- 
mit ce  larcin,  nous  courufmes  tous  fur  les  riues  du 
fleuue,  pour  apprendre  par  nos  yeux  des  nouuelles  de 
noftre  pauure  Chaloupe,  &  de  noftre  Canot,  nous  vifrnes 


I          A     000  545  722     1 

1610-12.]  THE  JESUIT  RELATIONS.  65 

living.  Further  back  into  the  country,  above  the  Ar- 
mouchiquois,  are  the  Iroquois,  also  a  stationary  people, 
because  they  cultivate  the  land,  from  which  they  har- 
vest buckwheat  (sarrasin),  beans,  edible  roots ;  in  short, 
all  that  we  have  said  of  the  above-named  Armouchi- 
quois ;  indeed,  even  more,  for,  from  necessity,  they  draw 
their  sustenance  from  the  earth,  being  far  from  the  sea.* 
Nevertheless,  they  have  a  great5  lake  of  wonderful  ex- 
tent, about  sixty  leagues,  around  which  they  are  en- 
camped. In  this  lake  there  are  large  and  beautiful 
islands,  inhabited  by  the  Iroquois,  who  are  a  great 
people ;  the  further  we  go  into  the  country  the  more 
we  find  it  inhabited,  so  much  so  (if  we  are  to  believe 
the  Spaniards)  that  in  the  country  called  New  Mexico, 
very  far  beyond  the  said  Iroquois,  in  the  direction  of 
the  south-west,  there  are  cities,  and  houses  three  and 
four  stories  high ;  and  even  domesticated  cattle,  from 
which  they  have  named  a  certain  river  Rio  de  las  Vacas,7 
or  Cow  River,  because  they  saw  cows  grazing  in  large 
numbers  on  its  banks ;  and  this  country  is  directly  to 
north,  more  than  five  hundred  leagues  from  Old  Mexico, 
near  the  end,  I  believe  [256]  of  the  great  lake  of  the  Cana- 
dian River,  which  (according  to  the  report  of  the  sav- 
ages) is  a  thirty  days'  journey  in  length.  I  believe  that 
robust  and  hardy  men  could  live  among  those  people, 
and  do  great  work  for  the  advancement  of  the  Christian 
religion.  But  as  to  the  Sotiriquois10  and  the  Eteche- 
mins,  who  are  nomadic  and  divided,  they  must  be  made 
sedentary  by  the  cultivation  of  the  land  thus  obliging 
them  to  remain  in  one  place.  For  anyone  who  has 
taken  pains  to  cultivate  a  piece  of  land  does  not  easily 
abandon  it.  He  strives  zealously  to  keep  it.  But  I 
think  that  the  execution  of  this  plan  will  be  very  slow 
unless  we  take  hold  of  it  with  more  zeal,  and  unless  a 
King  or  some  rich  prince  takes  this  cause  in  hand, 


University  of  California  Library 
Los  Angeles 

This  book  is  DUE  on  the  last  date  stamped  below. 


310/85 


Fienewal: 
15-9188 


REC'D  YR 


HOV  0  1  2005 


UCSB  LIBRARY 


